Several thousands of Iranians expatriates who hold dual nationalities or refugee status of various Western countries as well crossed-bordered Iranians who obtained the residency of bases under the authority of PMOI since mid 1980's.
Following the fall of Saddam Hussein and presence of the US troops in Iraq, the residents of Camp Ashraf have signed agreements with the US military, disarmed and then guarded by the US troops. Since January 2009,the authority of Camp Ashraf was handed over to Iraqi government which is determined to shut down the camp and expel the inhabitants.