![](\"https:\/\/www.nejatngo.org\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/Sani-khani-Hadi-2.jpg)
<\/p>\nThe recent disappearance of former MEK member Hadi Sani Khani from Albania is not a new phenomenon as this Special Briefing shows. Ten years ago, Ambassador Daniel Fried, US Special Advisor for Camp Ashraf in Iraq, acknowledged that Camp Ashraf had been \u201ca kind of independent, self-governed, autonomous, extraterritorial facility\u2026 for many years\u201d.<\/p>\n
This state has been replicated in Albania in Camp Ashraf 3 in Manez. He acknowledged that residents of the camp had not always got there voluntarily, referring to the RAND Corporation report and that of Human Rights Watch, and that potential threats to the residents may be internal rather than external.
\nSince arriving in Albania, several MEK members have been killed or gone missing from the extraterritorial facility there.<\/p>\n
——–<\/p>\n
American Special Advisor, Daniel Fried: Take a look at RAND and HRW reports on Mojahedin Khalq, MKO, MEK, Rajavi cult<\/strong><\/p>\n American State Department, December 20 2011<\/p>\n MR. VENTRELL:<\/strong> Okay. So we\u2019ll go ahead and get started. Everybody, this is Ambassador Fried. This session is on the record, unless otherwise indicated. We do have the director of our Iraq office here to go into some further detail if necessary. But as we start, this is all on the record, unless otherwise indicated. AMBASSADOR FRIED<\/strong>: I\u2019ll start out with some prepared remarks and then take your questions if that\u2019s all right. Oh, and forgive me if I speak a little slowly. This is the result of Novocain and the dentist this morning.<\/p>\n The U.S. seeks a safe, secure, humane resolution of the impasse at Camp Ashraf. Our interest is humanitarian and independent of our views of the MEK\u2019s past record. Thanks to intense efforts by Ambassador Martin Kobler, the head of the UN Mission in Iraq, a reasonable path forward for a safe and secure relocation from Ashraf to Camp Liberty is at hand. On Christmas Day, Kobler signed with the Government of Iraq an MOU that provides details of the transfer and commitments from the Iraqi Government for the safety and security of the residents of Camp Ashraf.<\/p>\n The residents of Camp Ashraf will be moved from Camp Ashraf to former Camp Liberty, which used to be a U.S. military facility and is located near the Baghdad Airport. UNHCR is \u2013 will begin immediately to process these people for refugee status. At the same time, those wishing to return voluntarily to Iran as, by the way, several hundred from Ashraf have already done, will be able to do so.<\/p>\n The UN will conduct 24\/7 monitoring at Camp Liberty \u2013 or former Camp Liberty. In addition, Embassy Baghdad will visit former Camp Liberty on a frequent basis to provide robust observation. The Government of Iraq has agreed in this MOU to the safety and security of Camp Liberty and those there and not to forcibly repatriate any resident of Camp Ashraf\/former Camp Liberty to Iran. The Government of Iraq accepted many of Ambassador Kobler\u2019s suggestions, and the plan agreed now reflects major progress since the discussions began. Secretary Clinton, the EU, UN Secretary General Ban Ki-moon have all publicly welcomed the signing of the MOU and have urged that it be implemented in good faith by all sides.<\/p>\n This is Iraq we\u2019re talking about, however. We must be realistic about the difficulties. We\u2019re also acutely aware of the mistrust and even animosity between the MEK and many Iraqis, given the MEK\u2019s history in Iraq. We\u2019re concerned by the recent series of rocket attacks on Ashraf and we condemn them. While these have not caused injuries or damaged property, they heighten and underscore the risks in this situation. U.S. facilities in the area have also been under attack recently.<\/p>\n The UN has expressed its concerns about these attacks to the Iraqi Government. We are doing so as well. Nevertheless and for \u2013 perhaps especially because of these attacks, it\u2019s important to move ahead with the MOU. We welcome the willingness expressed yesterday by the MEK to cooperate with implementation of the MOU, specifically their announcement that they are prepared to move the first 400 persons to Camp \u2013 to former Camp Liberty. That move is being prepared now.<\/p>\n The UN is putting its assets in place for monitoring and refugee processing. It\u2019s up to the Iraqi Government to prepare Camp Liberty, to receive the first residents of Ashraf, and this is likely to take several more days at least. It\u2019s important that this first move be followed by other moves from Ashraf to former Camp Liberty. Ashraf is relatively isolated and, frankly, less secure than Liberty will be with its UN monitoring and a frequent U.S. presence. We also hope the day-to-day issues of camp management can be worked out on the ground as, hopefully, confidence grows.<\/p>\n The good news is that we are finally entering a phase of implementing an agreement that\u2019s been painfully negotiated and is understood by all sides. But implementation will take sustained cooperation and patience by all. The U.S. will remain closely engaged in all stages of this process. QUESTION:<\/strong> So how many people in all are we talking about moving? You said a few hundred have gone back to Iran.<\/p>\n AMBASSADOR FRIED:<\/strong> The MEK says there are about 3,200 people at Camp Ashraf. Years ago, when the \u2013 in the early phases of the Iraq conflict, we identified about that number of people, but we don\u2019t know how many people are there now. We don\u2019t know how many have left.<\/p>\n QUESTION:<\/strong> Okay. But several hundred, you said, have gone back to Iran?<\/p>\n AMBASSADOR FRIED:<\/strong> We \u2013 yes. We believe several hundred have gone back to Iran voluntarily over the years, not recently. Recently, a number of people at Camp Ashraf have gone back to European countries where they have either citizenship or long-term residency. This has been relatively small in numbers, but it\u2019s picked up in recent weeks.<\/p>\n QUESTION:<\/strong> And do you get the sense that some of these people that will be moving over to Liberty are going to want to move on further or that could be their \u2014<\/p>\n AMBASSADOR FRIED:<\/strong> Well, they all want to move out of Iraq. That seems to be \u2013 well, let me back up by saying we don\u2019t know actually what the residents of Camp Ashraf want. We know what their leaders say they want. And what they say they want is for them to leave Iraq in safety and security. There is some number \u2013 and estimates vary very widely \u2013 of how many will actually want to go back to Iran.<\/p>\n Our view is that if residents of Camp Ashraf want to go back to Iran, this is their right, but it has to be really voluntary and not, quote, \u201cvoluntary.\u201d That\u2019s why I mention that some hundreds have gone back already. According to international organizations, there is no evidence that they have been mistreated by the Iranians, but we can\u2019t verify that independently for ourselves.<\/p>\n QUESTION:<\/strong> Have they \u2013 have the Camp Ashraf group \u2013 have they given you any sort of timeline that \u2013 you said the first 400 are going to be ready to move. When do you expect them actually to move? When is the camp going to be able to accept them? And do you have a sense that there\u2019s going to be a clear follow-on from that, that they\u2019re going to keep on moving more and more people? Or is this first 400 sort of a test group?<\/p>\n AMBASSADOR FRIED:<\/strong> In the last 48 hours, we have been heartened by the increased willingness of the leaders of Camp Ashraf and the MEK leadership in Paris to participate in this process. We believe that the first 400 are ready to move soon. The \u2013 as I said, former Camp Liberty has to be set up, the infrastructure has to be put in place, and this will \u2013 it\u2019ll take, we think, at least several days for this to be done. But under the circumstances, we think that the 400 should move as soon as possible, and this should be followed up by more moves. QUESTION:<\/strong> Well, just on the resettlement issue. I understand in the past there was some demands on the part of the Camp Ashraf or MEK that they be done in groups, that they want (inaudible) all go together. What can you \u2013 just walk us through what the current understanding is of how and where they might go? Specific to your question, the UNHCR does not do group refugee designations. They\u2019ve made it clear that they are prepared look at them as individuals and to begin immediately to process them. We\u2019ve also encouraged the people at Camp Ashraf to send in this \u2013 in the early group, in the group of 400 and other early groups, those with the strongest ties to the outside world \u2013 that is citizens of European countries, citizens of the United States, if there are more still there. We know of only two left there, but we \u2013 there could be more. If they send out those with the strongest ties, those will be the easiest to move out of Iraq. And it\u2019s important to show the Iraqi Government and Iraqis and the people of Camp Ashraf this process can work all the way, meaning from Ashraf to former Camp Liberty and out of Iraq safely.<\/p>\n QUESTION:<\/strong> But isn\u2019t there some risk in that, that if you\u2019re starting with the easiest cases then the hard cases are just going to sit there, right?<\/p>\n AMBASSADOR FRIED:<\/strong> Well, the hard cases aren\u2019t going to get any easier with \u2013 easier if you move them up front. Move \u2013 our view is move those who can most easily move. There are \u2013 in terms of numbers, there are a lot of unknowns. But if you start with a topline of 3,200 people, there is \u2013 you have to subtract the number of people who may have left. We don\u2019t have it accounted for, so it\u2019s 32 minus X. Then it is minus those will really want to go back to Iran, and there\u2019ll be arrangements in place for them to do so. Then you take away the number of people with citizenship or strong compelling ties to foreign countries. Then you \u2013 what you have left is the group which will be interviewed individually for refugee status by the UNHCR. So hopefully those groups subtracted from the topline number will be as big as possible, but we just don\u2019t know.<\/p>\n QUESTION:<\/strong> Is there a risk that you\u2019re just moving \u2013 even if it\u2019s Liberty as a more secure place, you\u2019re just moving the problem a few miles?<\/p>\n AMBASSADOR FRIED:<\/strong> Well, there is no way that Ashraf was going to be the venue for the UNHCR interviews. And for reasons having to do with history and the history of the MEK in Iraq, there was no way that the Government of Iraq was going to allow a Camp Ashraf to exist as it was. So for those reasons, this move is critical to start the process in earnest.<\/p>\n QUESTION:<\/strong> Why do you think the MEK has changed its tune? Have you offered them anything? Like, will it be easier for them to get off the terrorism list if they cooperate?<\/p>\n AMBASSADOR FRIED:<\/strong> We have not offered them anything, but it is, I think \u2013 and I can\u2019t read their minds, but I think that it became very clear that the United States was (A) concerned with their welfare and willing to put substantial efforts into this process, and (B) quite serious that we could do nothing if they were going to stand pat with maximalist, unachievable positions.<\/p>\n So I think they realized that they had a reasonable offer made by one of the strongest UN officials I\u2019ve ever worked with, Ambassador Kobler. They had the full engagement of the U.S. Embassy in Ambassador Jeffrey. They had the strong interest of Secretary Clinton and other senior people in the U.S. Government. And I think they realized that now was the time to deal seriously.<\/p>\n QUESTION:<\/strong> Does the designation affect their migration status at all, their eligibility to go to any other country, let alone the U.S.?<\/p>\n AMBASSADOR FRIED:<\/strong> One of the enduring urban legends of this process is that the MEK\u2019s current status as a foreign terrorist organization, so listed by the American Government, is in itself a great impediment to resettlement and that removing them from that list would suddenly make many more eligible that are not now eligible. That apparently, as it has been explained to me by those very familiar with American immigration laws, is not true.<\/p>\n The FTO designation process is quite independent from my office and what we\u2019re doing. I haven\u2019t participated in this, in the paperwork. We will \u2013 the United States will look at people at Camp Ashraf or future Camp \u2013 those who will be at former Camp Liberty on a case-by-case basis. The status of the MEK as a foreign terrorist organization is not, by itself, disqualifying to any particular individual. And removal of the MEK from that list, if it were to happen in the future, would not necessarily make eligible someone who is now statutorily ineligible.<\/p>\n QUESTION:<\/strong> So you can be a member of a foreign terrorist organization and not an American citizen and be given political refugee status in the United States?<\/p>\n AMBASSADOR FRIED:<\/strong> That isn\u2019t what I said.<\/p>\n QUESTION:<\/strong> Right. But I\u2019m asking \u2014<\/p>\n AMBASSADOR FRIED:<\/strong> What I said was it is not \u2013 we are going to look at these people on an individual basis. They may have arrived at Camp Ashraf under all sorts of circumstances.<\/p>\n QUESTION:<\/strong> Okay.<\/p>\n AMBASSADOR FRIED:<\/strong> The reason I\u2019m hesitating and being very careful is because interpretation of our immigration laws is not my business at all, and the Department of Homeland Security has, let\u2019s say, a very great deal to say on this subject. But I\u2019ve \u2013 in my conversations with them, it\u2019s clear that they\u2019re prepared to look at individuals, but against, obviously, our immigration laws.<\/p>\n QUESTION:<\/strong> Okay.<\/p>\n QUESTION:<\/strong> They\u2019re going to look at an individual and then say, \u201cNo,\u201d right?<\/p>\n AMBASSADOR FRIED:<\/strong> I\u2019m not going to pre-judge how they look at individuals. I will say that people may have found themselves in Ashraf on a variety of circumstances.<\/p>\n QUESTION:<\/strong> Unwillingly, perhaps?<\/p>\n AMBASSADOR FRIED:<\/strong> I don\u2019t want to characterize it that way or any way, but just say what I said.<\/p>\n QUESTION:<\/strong> Okay. Now the UNHCR \u2013 I understand when they do their interviews, they have to be private. So they won\u2019t have like a MEK superior watching over them and hearing what they say. But this determination of which ones want to return to Iran \u2013 is that done somehow through a private interview process? Because then otherwise you might get the groupthink and the \u201cdon\u2019t say you want to go back to Iran\u201d and the numbers would be far smaller than you\u2019d expect maybe.<\/p>\n AMBASSADOR FRIED:<\/strong> Without getting into the details of how individuals will be processed by international organizations, it\u2019s not the U.S. doing it on the ground, I should point out. I would say that the UN and other international organizations are very well aware of the potential problem of, as you said, groupthink or group pressure, and they\u2019re very well aware of the many reports about the atmosphere at Camp Ashraf and the character of that place. And I really shouldn\u2019t say any more than that, but \u2014<\/p>\n QUESTION:<\/strong> So they would be doing it, and \u2013 UN and international organizations would handle all of the \u2014 QUESTION:<\/strong> Even the part related to the Iran question, not \u2014<\/p>\n AMBASSADOR FRIED:<\/strong> It\u2019s not the United States doing it.<\/p>\n QUESTION:<\/strong> No, I understand, but \u2014<\/p>\n AMBASSADOR FRIED:<\/strong> Everyone is aware of the problem you identified. I should say also that the MOU does contain an Iraqi commitment not to forcibly repatriate anyone to Iran.<\/p>\n QUESTION:<\/strong> Dan, have you seen these latest statements from the MEK in Paris? There was one this morning that says that they have information that the IRGC is going to launch some new rocket attacks tonight. Whether you\u2019ve seen it or not, the other thing they say is that they\u2019re asking for U.S. and UN monitors at the \u2013 at Camp Ashraf until it\u2019s been emptied. Is that something from \u2013 at least from the U.S. side, is that something that you guys would be willing to consider, sending people to observe?<\/p>\n AMBASSADOR FRIED:<\/strong> The UN has said that it will monitor the former Camp Liberty. Not Ashraf; that\u2019s not your question. But they\u2019ll be at Camp Liberty on a 24\/7 basis. The United States is prepared to mount a very robust monitoring \u2013 or I should say observation \u2013 a robust observation operation at the former Camp Liberty. It\u2019s not practical, for a number of logistic and security arrangements, for us to be out with anything like that intensity at Camp Ashraf, which is one of the reasons people need to think seriously about moving fast.<\/p>\n QUESTION:<\/strong> Why? Why is it not practical?<\/p>\n AMBASSADOR FRIED:<\/strong> Well, it\u2019s a lot farther away, for one thing.<\/p>\n QUESTION:<\/strong> Right.<\/p>\n AMBASSADOR FRIED:<\/strong> And the move \u2013 it is harder to move people back and forth. I don\u2019t want to say much more because that involves the logistics of these kinds of things, but we\u2019re going to be at Camp Liberty a lot \u2013 at former Camp Liberty a lot more than we are at Ashraf.<\/p>\n QUESTION:<\/strong> Wait, who \u2013 I mean, so in other words, you\u2019re not \u2013 that\u2019s not in the cards, this latest request for \u2014<\/p>\n AMBASSADOR FRIED:<\/strong> That\u2019s not in the cards. That\u2019s not \u2013 that\u2019s right. That\u2019s not in the cards.<\/p>\n QUESTION:<\/strong> And who runs Liberty now? Is it the Iraqi army or \u2014<\/p>\n AMBASSADOR FRIED:<\/strong> It\u2019s an Iraqi \u2013 that\u2019s right. We turned over Camp Liberty to the Iraqi military. They\u2019re there. There have been some \u2013 a lot of discussions about the security arrangements in future Camp Liberty, and Ambassador Kobler has had these in some detail with his \u2013 with his Iraqi counterparts. It will be an Iraqi facility. It\u2019s not going to be a kind of independent, self-governed, autonomous, extraterritorial facility, which is what Camp Ashraf has been for many years.<\/p>\n And the \u2013 Ambassador Kobler has had extensive and detailed discussions with both the people at Camp Ashraf \u2013 well, the leaders at Camp Ashraf and with \u2013 and in Paris. So the MEK knows very well what he is \u2013 what the circumstances will be and what the arrangements are.<\/p>\n QUESTION:<\/strong> Are these two Americans who remain?<\/p>\n AMBASSADOR FRIED:<\/strong> We know of two American citizens that are still at Camp Ashraf.<\/p>\n QUESTION:<\/strong> Are they high-level or more of the \u2014<\/p>\n AMBASSADOR FRIED:<\/strong> I \u2013 because of \u2013 because they are American citizens, Privacy Policy and Act means I can\u2019t talk more about it.<\/p>\n QUESTION:<\/strong> Okay. If they were to return, would they face possible prosecution?<\/p>\n AMBASSADOR FRIED:<\/strong> I can\u2019t talk about any of that. Now there are some at Camp Ashraf \u2013 some of the leaders say there are more American citizens there, that there are more permanent residents. We know of just two that remain.<\/p>\n QUESTION:<\/strong> Okay.<\/p>\n QUESTION:<\/strong> Have others come here?<\/p>\n AMBASSADOR FRIED:<\/strong> Yes. Recently, two have come here from \u2013 American citizens have come here from Camp Ashraf. And the \u2013 I think I can say that the Iraqi Government facilitated that, and it was \u2013 when they finally left, it was very smooth.<\/p>\n QUESTION:<\/strong> Are these Iranian-Americans or Americans of Iranian descent?<\/p>\n AMBASSADOR FRIED:<\/strong> I believe they are, but I\u2019m not sure.<\/p>\n QUESTION:<\/strong> As far as you know, there isn\u2019t anyone who\u2019s a non-Iranian in Camp Ashraf, are \u2013 I\u2019m just curious. You said there are \u2013 some people might have gotten there by very \u2013 in different ways.<\/p>\n AMBASSADOR FRIED:<\/strong> Different means, that\u2019s right.<\/p>\n QUESTION:<\/strong> Can you \u2014<\/p>\n AMBASSADOR FRIED:<\/strong> I just don\u2019t know. I don\u2019t think so. I have not heard reports. But I\u2019m not trying to prove a negative. I don\u2019t think so, but I don\u2019t know.<\/p>\n QUESTION:<\/strong> And when you talk about it, can you just say, I mean, just for example, what kind of means would one have gotten there other than voluntarily going in?<\/p>\n AMBASSADOR FRIED<\/strong>: Sorry?<\/p>\n QUESTION:<\/strong> Well, I mean, like the North Koreans, are they running around kidnapping people and bringing them to Camp Ashraf? How do you get there involuntarily? How would one get there?<\/p>\n AMBASSADOR FRIED:<\/strong> There \u2013 well, let me refer you to some of the outside studies that have been written \u2013 the Rand Corporation report, for one. Take a look at that, or Human Rights Watch. They\u2019ve described what they think are some of the problems. The MEK denies it. Right now, our concern is humanitarian and getting the people out of Ashraf over to Liberty, and then we\u2019ll deal with the next set of really tough problems, which is repatriation\/resettlement of these folks.<\/p>\n QUESTION:<\/strong> Some of those other reports that you mentioned have also discussed potential threats to the residents of Camp Ashraf may be internal rather than external. Without going into what your assessment is of where the threats are, is it the U.S. Government sort of understanding or feeling now that the immediate threats that they may have been facing to life and limb in the camp have decreased significantly? Are they not as at-risk as they were prior to this MOU being signed?<\/p>\n AMBASSADOR FRIED:<\/strong> Well, certainly the developments of the \u2013 the good developments of the past several days \u2013 that is, the signing of the MOU and the MEK\u2019s expressed willingness to work with Ambassador Kobler on the basis of the MOU and move 400 people out \u2013 have the effect of lowering the temperature and putting us on an implementation track rather than a negotiation and imminent disaster track.<\/p>\n Now that\u2019s better, right? That\u2019s a better place to be, but implementation is not easy. It\u2019s fraught with the problems we can imagine and probably some we can\u2019t. So no one who\u2019s working on this issue is putting their feet up and saying, well, job is now done, we can just \u2013 it\u2019s just on autopilot. Far from it. It will take a lot of work, a lot of work.<\/p>\n QUESTION:<\/strong> Thanks.<\/p>\n QUESTION:<\/strong> Thank you.<\/p>\n \u2014<\/p>\n Ambassador Daniel Fried on MEK Mujahedin e Khalq Special Briefing Link to RAND report<\/a> FBI recently disclosed report reveals Mojahedin Khalq (MKO, MEK, Rajavi cult) continued terror campaign years after they claim to renounce terrorism<\/p>\n <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" The recent disappearance of former MEK member Hadi Sani Khani from Albania is not a new phenomenon as this Special Briefing shows. 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\nSo Ambassador Fried, please go ahead.<\/p>\n
\nSo with that, let me take your questions.<\/p>\n
\nThere are issues of how the new facility will run. Some of these issues were addressed in the MOU. But in reality, they can be worked out on the ground. It\u2019s important now that people start leaving Camp Ashraf, which is really not a secure place, and move to a place where they can be processed by the UNHCR. So we very much hope that as many people will move out as fast as can be accommodated. The first 400 is a good start; it needs to be followed up.<\/p>\n
\nAMBASSADOR FRIED: You are correct that the MEK in the past made many demands, and it wasn\u2019t until recent weeks that it started working with Ambassador Kobler in a serious way. We are very glad that they decided to do so. Late is far better than never, and it\u2019s never too late to do the right thing. So they have done the right thing by working with Ambassador Kobler.<\/p>\n
\nAMBASSADOR FRIED: Well, it\u2019s \u2014<\/p>\n
\nAmbassador Daniel Fried, Special Advisor for Camp Ashraf
\nWashington, DC, December 29, 2011<\/p>\n
\nLink to HRW report<\/a><\/p>\n